Sick seas, sick people: the true cost of sewage
How bad is sewage pollution in the UK?
Decades of neglect and underinvestment have left the UK with some of the worst bathing waters in Europe. In 2024 alone, there were 592,478 confirmed sewage discharges – but with underreporting in Scotland and Northern Ireland, we estimate the real figure to be near 1 million. That’s the equivalent of sewage pouring into our waters every 30 seconds.
How does water quality affect our health?
The current state of our waterways is a public health disaster. Communities using their local beaches, rivers and lakes are being exposed to a toxic mix of human waste, microplastics, heavy metals, drug-resistant bacteria, and ‘forever chemicals’ linked to cancers and organ damage. In 2024, SAS received 1,853 sickness reports, which led to 3,425 sick days and nearly half a million pounds in lost productivity. And that’s just what we know about – most cases still go unreported.
How does sewage pollution impact the environment?
Sewage is also devastating entire ecosystems. It smothers vital habitats like seagrass meadows and kelp forests – natural carbon sinks that help fight climate change – while disrupting delicate food chains and reducing biodiversity. The influx of nutrients from sewage fuels harmful algae blooms that deplete oxygen levels, creating ‘dead zones’ where fish and other marine life can no longer survive. Over time, this leaves our seas, lakes and rivers less able to support life or recover from environmental shocks.
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Why are UK waters so polluted?
The water system as it currently exists is built to make pollution profitable and protect those responsible.
Since privatisation, water companies in England and Wales have paid out £74.2 billion in dividends to shareholders – while piling up £69.2 billion in debt.
This profit-first model has left our sewage system dangerously underfunded. Vital upgrades and maintenance have been delayed or abandoned altogether, allowing pollution to pour into our waters unchecked. All while customers are expected to pay more – bills are set to rise by at least 36% over the next 5 years. Yet, without a serious shift in the way our money is spent, we’ll still risk getting sick when we swim, surf or paddle.
And the regulators? They’re not stepping in. Chronically underfunded and lacking teeth, bodies like Ofwat and the Environment Agency have failed to hold polluters to account. In some cases, they’ve even approved the payouts while infrastructure falls apart.
Sadly, the situation is not much better in Northern Ireland and Scotland. Poor transparency and a lack of comprehensive monitoring mean the true scale of sewage discharges is unknown. Those in charge have chosen to downplay or obscure the problem, creating a data vacuum that allows pollution to continue unchecked and unchallenged.
This is a UK-wide scandal. A rigged system built on greed, weak oversight and systemic failure. It rewards pollution, punishes the public and we’ve had enough. It’s time to end this sh*t show.
We need a water system that is fully transparent and accountable – one that works for people and planet, not profit and power.
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